As India’s population ages, with over 149 million individuals aged above 60, the healthcare needs of this demographic are becoming increasingly urgent. Traditional healthcare practices, often rooted in familial care and informal support systems, are proving insufficient to meet the complex challenges faced by the elderly.
We speak to Dr Meenal Thakral, a specialist in Geriatric Medicine at Artemis Hospitals, to understand the need for a transition toward a structured, integrated healthcare approach to effectively address these unique needs.
Understanding the Unique Challenges
India’s elderly population presents diverse healthcare challenges, including a high prevalence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Dr Thakral points out that these conditions often occur alongside multiple comorbidities, complicating treatment. Moreover, mental health issues, including depression and dementia, are on the rise, exacerbated by social isolation and inadequate support systems. In many rural areas, access to geriatric specialists and tailored healthcare services remains limited due to underdeveloped infrastructure.
The Role of Traditional Practices
Traditionally, elderly care in India has relied heavily on family members, especially women, who often assume caregiving roles. While familial support is invaluable, Dr Thakral warns that it can lead to caregiver burnout and insufficient medical attention for the elderly. Additionally, while traditional healing practices and home remedies are popular, they may not align with modern medical standards or effectively address the complexities of geriatric health.
The Need for a Comprehensive Healthcare Approach
To meet the healthcare needs of today’s elderly, Dr Thakral advises for a comprehensive approach that integrates modern medical practices with traditional care methods.
Key components of this approach include:
1. Geriatric Training for Healthcare Professionals: There is a pressing need to increase the number of healthcare providers trained specifically in geriatric care. This specialisation can enhance the diagnosis, treatment, and management of chronic conditions, ensuring that elderly patients receive appropriate care.
2. Access to Healthcare Services: Expanding healthcare infrastructure, particularly in rural regions, is crucial. Mobile health clinics and telemedicine can bridge the gap in accessibility, allowing elderly patients to consult healthcare professionals without extensive travel.
3. Community Support Systems: Strengthening community-based support can alleviate the burden on families while providing elderly individuals with social engagement. Initiatives such as senior citizen clubs and wellness programs can foster community bonds and reduce isolation.
4. Mental Health Services: Integrating mental health services into primary healthcare for the elderly can help address issues like depression and cognitive decline. Dr Thakral says that awareness campaigns are vital to destigmatising mental health challenges, encouraging individuals to seek help.
5. Policy and Advocacy: Government policies must reflect the needs of the elderly, including better pension schemes, health insurance tailored for older adults, and the promotion of age-friendly environments that support mobility and independence.
6. Holistic Care Approach: Dr Thakral stresses the importance of shifting from a “disease model” to a “holistic model” in elderly care. This approach focuses on the physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being of older adults, prioritizing preventative measures and overall quality of life rather than merely managing individual illnesses.
By integrating modern medical practices with community support and emphasising geriatric care, Dr Thakral says India can create a healthcare system that not only treats diseases but also enhances the quality of life for its elderly citizens. This holistic approach is not just a necessity; it is a moral obligation to honour the contributions of our elders in their later years.
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